Attention, concentration, and working memory are evaluated using a sustained attention task (target detection using tapping 1 point), a serial subtraction task (3 points), and digits forward and backward (1 point each).Multiple aspects of executive functions are assessed using an alternation task adapted from the trail-making B task (1 point), a phonemic fluency task (1 point), and a two-item verbal abstraction task (2 points).Visuospatial abilities are assessed using a clock-drawing task (3 points) and a three-dimensional cube copy (1 point).The short-term memory recall task (5 points) involves two learning trials of five nouns and delayed recall after approximately five minutes.The MoCA assesses several cognitive domains:
Successive results show a deterioration of pattern processing ability in a subject as they progress from mild cognitive impairment (MCI) to severe Alzheimer's disease (AD). In this clock drawing task, the subject is asked to draw a clock with the hours and showing the time 2:30.